The branch of anatomy which deals with the muscles and other accesory structures.Muscles are highly specialized organs which are characterized by their property of contracting and relaxing to the definite stimuli when stimulated...
The classification of muscles
- Skeletal muscles
- Smooth muscles
- Cardiac muscles
1.Skeletal muscles.these are directly connected to the skeleton the attachment can be either by fleshy attachment which come directly to the bone eg muscle of scapula. Or by tendon in which they
are dense irregular connected tissues in two ways thus cord or bands and aponeurosis-flesh sheet eg longissimus dorsi muscle attachment
The attachment of this muscle can be
- sheet as in abdomen muscles
- band as in sartorius muscle on the medial side of the thigh
- spindle shaped
- feather like(penniform)
Characteristics of skeletal muscles
- have fibers
- each fiber is insulated to voluntary nervs
- cells are multinucleated by nuclei located at center
- cells covered by membrane called sarcomawhich have two layers,plasma and basement membranes
Functions of skeletal muscles
- to cover great parts of the body skeleton
- to determine the forming of the body of the animal
- and other functional group of muscles such as flexors,extensors,adductors,abductors and sphinters
2.Smooth muscles.these are characteristics as;
- they are not striated
- cells are small,fuseform
- nucleus located at center and single
- contraction is inherent...,these muscles are found in organs that function automatically
3.Cardiac muscles.these are regarded as speciliased variety of skeletal muscles having the property of skeletal muscles.
They have characteristics of both striated (skeletal)muscle and smooth muscles
Their major function is to
pump and sunction of blood in the body of animals