Jaundice: yellowish tinge to the skin, gums, membranes around eyes, caused by elevated levels of a pigment called bilirubin in the blood.
Bilirubin is a byproduct of the breakdown of red blood cells. Red blood
cells are continuously broken down and replaced by the body. Normally,
the liver processes bilirubin and excretes it in the bile. Increased
levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream can result from increased
breakdown of red blood cells, decreased removal of bilirubin by the
liver, or something blocking the flow of bile from the liver.
The medically correct term for jaundice is
icterus. The term "icteric" can be used to describe the yellowish tinge, as in "the skin was icteric".
Jaundice is not a disease on its own but reflects some underlying
disease process. If you notice a yellowish tinge to your pet, see your
vet as soon as possible as this indicates some sort of underlying
problem that needs veterinary attention.
Signs of Jaundice
- yellowish tinge to skin and other surfaces -- often most
noticeable around the eyes, and the gums and lining of the mouth, but
can be seen on any exposed skin
- lighter colored stools
- dark colored urine
Dogs and cats with jaundice also usually exhibit other symptoms of
illness, but these may be due to the underlying disease processes.
Possible Causes of Jaundice
There are numerous causes of jaundice. As mentioned previously, it can occur with breakdown of red blood cells (causing anemia), liver disease, or bile duct blockage. A few of the many possible causes include
- Auto Immune Hemolytic Anemia
- Feline Infectious Anemia (Hemobartonella)
- Babesiosis
- liver disease - many causes, including leptospirosis, infectious canine hepatitis and feline hepatic lipidosis (fatty liver)
- pancreatitis
- Leptospirosis
- Cancer
- Onion Toxicity
Pronunciation:
Jaundice -- jon'-diss
Icterus -- ick'-ter-us